Percent Composition

Mass fraction of an element in a compound.

mole-stoichiometryReviewed 21/8/2026
On this page
  1. Equation
  2. Variables
  3. Conditions
  4. Example
  5. Common errors
  6. Sources

Equation and purpose

Mass fraction of an element in a compound.

Percent Composition
\[\%E = \frac{m_E}{m_{tot}} \times 100\]

Mass fraction of an element in a compound.

REARRANGEMENTS
$m_E = \%E·m_{tot}/100$

Dimensional check: %

Variables and units

VARIABLES
SymbolQuantityUnitNotes
%E%E
m_Em_E
m_{tot}m_{tot}

Conditions and limitations

Based on formula; total mass is sum of components.

Worked example

H₂O: %O =16.00/18.02×100=88.8%.

Percent Composition

Mass fraction of an element in a compound.

Equation

%E=mEmtot×100\%E = \frac{m_E}{m_{tot}} \times 100

Inline: $%E = \frac{m_E}{m_{tot}} \times 100$$

Variables

SymbolQuantityUnitNotes
%Epercent of element%
mEm_Emass of element in sampleg
mtotm_{tot}total massg

Conditions and limitations

Based on formula; total mass is sum of components.

Rearrangements

mE=%Emtot/100m_E = \%E·m_{tot}/100

Dimensional check: %

Worked example

H₂O: %O =16.00/18.02×100=88.8%.

Steps: write equation → substitute with units → check dimensional consistency → report with correct significant figures.

Common errors

  • Using moles instead of mass
  • Counting atoms not mass

Sources

  • NIST Physical Constants 2022 — CODATA.

Reviewed 2026-08-21 by Editorial Team; due 2027-08-21.

Common errors

  • Using moles instead of mass
  • Counting atoms not mass
C
Chemistry Fundamentals Editorial TeamAuthor
E
Editorial Review BoardReviewer

Editorial Team — transparent review placeholder

Reviewed August 21, 2026

SOURCES

  1. [nist-2022]NIST Physical Constants 2022 (2022). NISThttps://physics.nist.gov/constants
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Sources · Corrections

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